Introduction to HTML
People often think it is extremely difficult to make a website. That is not the case! Everyone can learn how to make a website. And if you read on, you will have made one in just one hour.Others believe - just as mistakenly - that expensive and advanced software is needed to make websites. It is true that there are lots of different programs that claim they can create a website for you. Some come closer than others. But if you want it done right, you must do it yourself. Fortunately, it is simple and free and you already have all the software you need.
The aim of this tutorial is to give you an easy, yet thorough and correct introduction to how to make websites. The tutorial starts from scratch and requires absolutely no prior knowledge of programming.
The tutorial cannot show you everything. So some engagement and a will to experiment are required. But don't worry - learning how to make websites is a lot of fun and gives a tremendous amount of satisfaction when you get it right.
How you choose to use the tutorial is up to you. But we suggest you read only two or three lessons a day and take time to experiment with the new things you learn in each lesson.
What is HTML ?
Before your begin:
Before
you begin, it's important that you know Windows or Unix. A working knowledge of
Windows or Unix makes it much easier to learn HTML.
You
should be familiar with:
·
Basic
word processing using any text editor.
·
How
to create directories and files.
·
How
to navigate through different directories.
·
Basic
understanding on internet browsing using a browser like Internet Explorer or
Firefox etc.
Introducing HTML:
HTML
stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the
most widely used language to write Web Pages. As its name suggests, HTML is a
markup language.
·
Hypertext refers to the way in which Web pages (HTML
documents) are linked together. When you click a link in a Web page, you are
using hypertext.
·
Markup
Language describes how HTML works. With a markup language, you simply
"mark up" a text document with tags that tell a Web browser how to
structure it to display.
Originally,
HTML was developed with the intent of defining the structure of documents like
headings, paragraphs, lists, and so forth to facilitate the sharing of
scientific information between researchers.
All
you need to do to use HTML is to learn what type of markup to use to get the
results you want.
Creating HTML Document:
Creating
an HTML document is easy. To begin coding HTML you need only two things: a
simple-text editor and a web browser. Notepad is the most basic of simple-text
editors and you will probably code a fair amount of HTML with it.
Here
are the simple steps to create a basic HTML document:
·
Open
Notepad or another text editor.
·
At
the top of the page type <html>.
·
On
the next line, indent five spaces and now add the opening header tag:
<head>.
·
On
the next line, indent ten spaces and type <title> </title>.
·
Go to
the next line, indent five spaces from the margin and insert the closing header
tag: </head>.
·
Five
spaces in from the margin on the next line, type<body>.
·
Now
drop down another line and type the closing tag right below its mate:
</body>.
·
Finally,
go to the next line and type </html>.
·
In
the File menu, choose Save As.
·
In
the Save as Type option box, choose All Files.
·
Name
the file template.htm.
·
Click
Save.
You
have basic HTML document now, to see some result put the following code in
title and body tags.
<html>
<head>
<title>This is
document title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a
heading</h1>
<p>Document
description goes here.....</p>
</body>
</html>
Now
you have created one HTML page and you can use a Web Browser to open
this HTML file to see the result. Hope you understood that Web Pages are
nothing but they are simple HTML files with some content which can be rendered
using Web Browsers.
Here
<html>, <head>,...<p>, <h1> etc. are called HTML tags.
HTML tags are building blocks of an HTML document nd we will learn all the HTML
tags in subsequent chapters.
NOTE: One HTML file can have extension as .htm or .html.
So you can use either of them based on your comfort.
HTML Document Structure:
An
HTML document starts and ends with <html> and >/html> tags. These
tags tell the browser that the entire document is composed in HTML. Inside
these two tags, the document is split into two sections:
·
The
<head>...</head> elements, which contain information about the
document such as title of the document, author of the document etc. Information
inside this tag does not display outside.
·
The
<body>...</body> elements, which contain the real content of the
document that you see on your screen.
HTML is forgiving?
A very
good quality associated with all the browsers is that they would not give any
error if you have not put any HTML tag or attribute properly. They will just
ignore that tag or attribute and will apply only correct tags and attributes
before displaying the result.
We cannot
say, HTML is forgiving because this is just a markup language and required to
format documents.
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